Gender Definition in english with hindi

“संज्ञा के जिस रूप से व्यक्ति या वस्तु की नर या मादा जाति का बोध हो, उसे व्याकरण में ‘लिंग’ कहते है।”
दूसरे शब्दों में – संज्ञा शब्दों के जिस रूप से उसके पुरुष या स्त्री जाति होने का पता चलता है, उसे लिंग कहते है।

In English Grammar, Gender is classified into four categories.

1. Masculine Gender

2. Feminine Gender

3. Common Gender

4. Neuter Gender

Masculine Gender:

Definition

• A noun that denotes a male is known as the Masculine Gender.

  जिन संज्ञा के शब्दों से पुरुष जाति का पता चलता है, उसे पुल्लिंग कहते हैं।

  जैसे – पिता, राजा, घोडा, कुत्ता, आदमी, सेठ, मकान, लोहा, चश्मा, खटमल, फूल, नाटक, 

Examples

Some examples of Masculine Gender :
Boy, Father, Son, King, Lion, He, Man, Husband, Uncle, 

( Feminine Gender )

   A noun that denotes a female is known as the feminine gender.

• जिन संज्ञा के शब्दों से स्त्री जाति का पता चलता है, उसे स्त्रीलिंग   कहते हैं।

  जैसे ; लड़की, माता , बेटी ,रानी ,शेरनी ,पत्नी ,चाची इत्यादि .

Examples

Girl, Mother, Daughter, Queen, Lioness, She, Woman, Wife, Aunt, etc.

Common Gender

Definition

• A noun that denotes either a male or a female is known as the Common Gender

• जिन संज्ञा के शब्दों से पुरुष और  स्त्री  जाति का पता चलता है, उसे पुल्लिंग कहते हैं।

  जैसे ;  दोस्त , डॉक्टर ,बच्चा ,विद्यार्थी  इत्यादि

Example

Friend, Student, Doctor, Teacher, Child, Patient, Baby, etc.

Neuter Gender: Definition, Example

जिन संज्ञा के शब्दों से नपुंसक जाती का पता चलता है , उसे नपुंसक  लिंग कहते है

• A noun that denotes a non-living thing is known as the Neuter Gender

• जैसे ;  कलम , मेज ,कुर्सी ,बल्ला ,सोना , इत्यादि

Example

Pen, Book, Table, Chair, Bat, Gold, etc.

Rules of Changing Genders: Masculine and Feminine

There are some rules for changing Masculine Genders of Nouns into Feminine Genders.

Rule – 1 :

By using a different word :
Masculine can be changed into Feminine by using a different word.

Masculine Gender	Feminine Gender
Boy	Girl
Brother	Sister
Father	Mother
Son	Daughter
Uncle	Aunt
King	Queen
Sir	Madam
Lord	Lady
Monk	Nun
Man	Woman
Male	Female
Husband	Wife
Nephew	Niece
Gentleman	Lady
Bull / Ox	Cow
Cock	Hen
Dog	Bitch
Stag	Hind
Drake	Duck
Drone	Bee
Buck	Doe
Horse	Mare
Gander	Goose
Ram	Ewe
Bachelor	Spinster
Lad	Lass
Bridegroom	Bride

Gender Definition in english with hindi

Rule – 2 :

By adding -‘ess’ :

Masculine can be changed into Feminine by adding ‘-ess’

Masculine Gender	Feminine Gender
Author	Authoress
Poet	Poetess
Count	Countess
Host	Hostess
Prince	Princess
Baron	Baroness
Mayor	Mayoress
Lion	Lioness
Priest	Priestess
Patron	Patroness
Viscount	Viscountess
Prophet	Prophetess
Giant	Giantess
Shepherd	Shepherdess

Gender Definition in english with hindi

Rule – 3 :

Some Masculine Nouns end in “a vowel and r”. They can be changed into feminine gender by removing the vowel before the last letter, and then adding ‘-ess’.

Masculine Gender	Feminine Gender
Actor	Actress
Tiger	Tigress
Instructor	Instructress
Hunter	Huntress
Director	Directress
Traitor	Traitress
Inspector	Inspectress
Songster	Songstress
Waiter	Waitress
Porter	Portress
Tempter	Temptress
Benefactor	Benefactress

Exceptions :

Masculine Gender	Feminine Gender
Governor	Governess
Abbot	Abbess
Emperor	Empress
Duke	Duchess

Gender Definition in english with hindi

Rule – 4 :

The feminine form of a Compound word is made by changing the Masculine word of the Compound word.

Masculine Gender	Feminine Gender
Boy-friend	Girl-friend
Son-in-law	Daughter-in-law
Father-in-law	Mother-in-law
Brother-in-law	Sister-in-law
Grandfather	Grandmother
Grandson	Granddaughter
Step-brother	Step-sister
Man-servant	Maid-servant
He-goat	She-goat
Bull-calf	Cow-calf
Cock-sparrow	Hen-sparrow
Landlord	Landlady
Peacock	Peahen

Gender Definition in english with hindi

Rule – 5 :

By adding ‘ine’, ‘a’, ‘ix’ :

Sometimes Feminine forms are made by adding ‘ine’, ‘a’, ‘ix’.

Masculine Gender	Feminine Gender
Hero	Heroine
Sultan	Sultana
Executor	Executrix
Prosecutor	Prosecutrix
Czar	Czarina
Administrator	Administratrix

Gender Definition in english with hindi