Bihar Board Class 9 Too Many People Too Few Trees Chapter 4
A. Work in small groups and discuss the relationship between population and pollution. You may include these points in your discussion:
1. Population explosion.
2. Its effect on the development of the country.
3. More people, more land.
4. Deforestation
Answer:
These days the environmental pollution has increased so much, this is a population explosion. This is a problem that worries us and the Government of our country. The government are discussing overpopulation explosion. It is a great hindrance on the development of the country. Man is doing harm to the environment through the growth of population, pollution and deforestation. Human population has grown rapidly. Man has cut down forests to build houses factories and cornfield. More people need more land to live and to cultivate.. Deforestation leads to air pollution, as the trees protect soil, so the cutting down of trees leads to washing away of topsoil as well.
Bihar Board Class 9 Too Many People Too Few Trees
B.1.1. Write ‘T’ for true and ‘F’ for false statements:
Throughout most of human existence, the number of births was slightly higher than the number of deaths.
More people will need even less food than they need now.
With more people, both town and country become more crowded.
Higher population density is also not likely to exacerbate crime, ethnic conflict and warfare.
Population size and rates of growth are key elements in environmental change.
Answer:
– T
– F
– T
– F
– T
B. 1.2. Answer the following questions very briefly:
Question 1.
For how long has the global population been rapidly going up?
Answer:
The global population has been rapidly going up during the last 3 centuries.
Bihar Board Class 9 Too Many People Too Few Trees
Question 2.
What happens when the population goes up?
Answer:
When the population goes up pollution of rivers, lakes, air, drinking water and soil also goes up. The quality of life and its value continues to erode.
Question 3.
How many Americans die each day of asthma?
Answer:
Fourteen Americans die each day of Asthma aggravated by air pollution.
B. 2.1. Complete the following sentences on the basis of the lesson:
The more we have, the better __________
History and common sense tell us that we _________
As the population grows, more and more people are forced _________
Forest covered around 40% of the earth’s __________
Humanity can continue to fell trees, cross its finger, and ___________
Answer:
off we are.
can control population growth.
to convert forest into farmlands
total land area.
hope for the best.
B.2.2. Answer the following questions very briefly:
Bihar Board Class 9 Too Many People Too Few Trees
Question 1.
Name the countries in which the population growth has been slowed down remarkably?
Answer:
Countries like China, Thailand and Egypt the rate of population growth has slowed down remarkably.
Bihar Board Class 9 Too Many People Too Few Trees
Question 2.
The productivity and general health of the world’s forest are threatened. How?
Answer:
The productivity and general health of the world’s forest are threatened by such things as the greenhouse effect, ozone layer depletion, airborne pollution, and acid rain.
Bihar Board Class 9 Too Many People Too Few Trees
Question 3.
What hampers the ability of the biosphere to sustain life?
Answer:
The eventual consequences of deforestation may be damage due to quality of life on earth reduction in a number of life forms that share the planet with us and thus hampering the ability of the biosphere to sustain life.
Bihar Board Class 9 Too Many People Too Few Trees
Question 4.
How does deforestation in Nepal affect India?
Answer:
Deforestation in Nepal affects India. As the trees of Nepal are cut down, its topsoil is gradually being lost and its rains are likelier to cause devastating floods in India.
C. Long Answer Type Questions
Bihar Board Class 9 Too Many People Too Few Trees
Question 1.
Why have human populations always been in flux?
Answer:
The human population have always been in flux, for example, every day some people die while others are born. A few hundred years ago, however, the situation began to change, especially in the industrialized world. With advances in nutrition, sanitation and health, people live longer and” more of them reach reproductive age. So the human population has been rapidly going up.
Bihar Board Class 9 Too Many People Too Few Trees
Question 2.
What does the writer mean by reproductive age? How do people reach this age?
Answer:
The writer means to say that by reproductive age means capable of giving birth to a child through the sexual relationship between man and woman. This age begins at the age of 15 and above at about 50 years. But with advances in nutrition, sanitation, and health, people live longer and more of them reach reproductive age up to 60 and above.
Question 3.
What is human-made pollution? How has it affected America? How will it affect your locality?
Answer:
Human-made pollution is due to deforestation depletion of no renewable resources and ozone layer depletion and the greenhouse effect. These all are human-made pollution. It has badly affected America. According to an estimate, about 60,000 Americans die each year from respiratory diseases. Which are caused by human-made pollution? Our locality is also being affected by human-made pollu¬tion. People throw refuse and debris everywhere at in the street, the Drainage system is also defective It is really frightening problem. It may cause diseases.
Bihar Board Class 9 Too Many People Too Few Trees
Question 4.
Population size and rates of growth are a key element in environmental change. Explain with any two examples from your own society.
Answer:
Population size and rates of growth are key elements of environmental change. More people require more food and thus deforestation occurs and the green fields are lost. In our village, a family has to cut down his orchard to build new houses there. Now that place looked’barren, no tree is seen there. Another example is that in Patna, in my locality a few years ago there were farms people do cultivate in them but the whole of the locality filled with roads and houses. Now it looks a housing colony. Farms vanished.
Question 5.
How do countries like Germany, Switzerland, China, Thailand and Egypt manage to ‘reverse’ or slow down population growth? What does ‘reverse’ mean here? How has it been possible?
Answer:
These countries managed to ‘reverse’ or slow down population growth. This has been possible because of several factors that include modernization, literacy, media campaigns, readily available family planning and contraceptive, equal economic, educational and legal opportunities for women.
Question 6.
What do you mean by environment?
Answer:
Environment means the surroundings in which man lives. It includes all conditions surrounding the man. Physical environment means the land on which we live and the air we breathe. It also means the food we eat and the water we drink. Similarly, social environment relates to man in relation to society. If a man causes harm to the environment he causes harm to himself.
Bihar Board Class 9 Too Many People Too Few Trees
Question 7.
How does pollution harm people?
Answer:
These days the environment pollution has increased so much that human existence has started facing danger. Trees have en cut. Various chemical factories emit poisonous smoke. This contains carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide gases. These are very, dangerous for human health. Besides this burning of fossil fuel in various vehicles emits poisonous substances. All this has made life unbearable that’s why metropolitan cities have become a death trap. Respiratory diseases have increased manifold. Soon people living in them will have to wear masks. So, it is the call of the hour that this increasing pollution of the biosphere is checked at the earliest as our cities are the most polluted. The authorities should take the necessary step in this direction.
Question 8.
What is the Chipko movement? How is it useful?
Answer:
After independence,.the Chipko (hug-a-tree) movement came into being. The village people hug a tree in the Himalayan forest of Uttar Pradesh when it is to be cut. This movement forced the state Government to think about the forests. The result is that cutting of trees for a commercial purpose is now banned above a hight of 1000 m. However, the Forest Department did not plant trees where it had cut them. But thanks to Nature and the strength of these women. The forest has again come up. These have reduced the fury of the flood and soil erosion.
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